What do canine prostate tumors look like on MRI?

VRU 64(1): 105-112

May 14, 2023

MRI characteristics of canine prostatic neoplasia aims to describe MRI findings of prostatic tumors in dogs and to evaluate their usefulness for diagnosis and treatment. The authors used a retrospective case series study of dogs with histopathologic or cytologic evidence of prostatic neoplasia and pelvic MRI. They recorded and analyzed the clinical data, MRI acquisition protocol, and MRI findings of the dogs. They found that the most consistent MRI features were heterogeneous hyperintensity, prostatic capsular margin distortion, cavitations, complete effacement of the prostatic architecture, neurovascular bundle compression or invasion, heterogeneous isointensity, and strong contrast enhancement. They also identified additional features such as distorted radiating striations, regional lymphadenomegaly, mineralization, urinary bladder trigone involvement, and post-prostatic urethral involvement. These findings supported the use of MRI as an adjunct imaging modality for prostatic neoplasia and included it as a likely differential diagnosis. The authors concluded that MRI can characterize prostatic neoplasia in dogs and may help in early detection, risk stratification, and monitoring of this disease.

Transverse T2-weighted 1.5-T MR (TE, 108.7 ms; TR, 5000 ms; slice thickness, 4.5 mm) image. The prostatic parenchyma is nearly completely effaced. There is prostatic capsular margin distortion by the tumor resulting in prostatic asymmetry. The white asterisks indicate parenchymal cavitations. The white arrowheads highlight the area of the neurovascular bundle (NVB) that has lost a border of delineation between the bundle and the tumor suggesting NVB invasion.

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