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Cholangiopancreatography in cats
VRU 2023 - 64(4): 713-723
Background: Cholangiopancreatography is a diagnostic technique for visualizing the biliary and pancreatic ducts, which can be affected by various diseases in cats. The authors compare three methods of cholangiopancreatography: magnetic resonance (MRCP), fluoroscopic (FRCP), and corrosion casting.
Study: The study aims to assess the reliability, agreement, and correlation of MRCP with FRCP, corrosion casting, and histopathology in measuring the diameters of the biliary and pancreatic ducts in cats. The study also provides reference diameters for these structures in MRCP images.
Methods: The study uses 12 euthanized cats that underwent MRCP, FRCP, corrosion casting, and histopathology. The cats were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of biliary or pancreatic disorders. The diameters of the ducts and the gallbladder were measured in each method and compared using statistical tests.
Results: The results show that MRCP is feasible for evaluating and measuring the extrahepatic biliary structures, but has limitations in visualizing small ducts (≤ 1 mm) such as the extrahepatic and pancreatic ducts. MRCP and FRCP measurements agreed for the gallbladder, cystic duct, and common bile duct, and MRCP measurements correlated positively with corrosion casting for the gallbladder body and neck, cystic duct, and common bile duct at the extrahepatic ducts’ junction.
Limitations: The study has some limitations, such as the use of post-mortem cats, the lack of proper preparation for imaging, the influence of low body temperature on MR image quality, and the possible interaction between the contrast medium and the casting material.
Conclusions: The study concludes that MRCP can provide reference diameters for the gallbladder, cystic duct, and common bile duct in cats, but further studies in live cats are needed to confirm its value in clinical practice. MRCP may benefit from the use of higher magnetic field strength, secretin administration, and patient preparation to improve the visualization of small ducts.
Schematic representation of the feline pancreatobiliary tract showing the sites where diameter measurements were made in MRCP, FRCP, and corrosion casting. A, Right and left extrahepatic ducts; B, gallbladder fundus; C, gallbladder body; D, gallbladder neck; E, cystic duct; F, common bile duct at extrahepatic ducts’ junction; G, common bile duct at duodenal papilla; H, right and left pancreatic ducts.
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