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Lynelle R. Johnson, Sean E. Hulsebosch, Austin K. Viall, Patrizia Danesi, Kevin D. Woolard, Sarah E. Cook, David J. Maggs, Brian C. Leonard
The article is a case report about oculosystemic pneumocystosis in 2 sibling Chihuahuas.
The dogs were evaluated for a 9-month history of tachypnea that failed to respond to several medications.
Fundic examination disclosed diffuse chorioretinitis in the female dog and occasional chorioretinal scars in the male dog.
Cytologic assessment of hepatic lymph node, liver, and splenic aspirates identified Pneumocystis trophozoites.
Infection was confirmed in both dogs by 28S rRNA PCR sequencing from multiple tissue samples.
In dog 1, thoracic radiographs indicated moderate to severe interstitial to broncho-interstitial infiltrates in both dogs. Abdominal ultrasound examination identified a mildly enlarged, hyperechoic liver, mild hepatic lymphadenopathy, bilateral nephrocalcinosis, and mild splenic microlithiasis.
In dog 2, thoracic radiographs identified a diffuse homogenous moderate interstitial pulmonary pattern and increased soft tissue opacity in the perihilar region suspicious for hilar lymphadenopathy.
Dog 1 responded well to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, but dog 2 was euthanized because of liver failure, presumably related to antimicrobial treatment.
Ultrasound imaging on dog 1 on the day of admission demonstrating severe nephrocalcinosis.
Right lateral (A) and dorsoventral (B) thoracic radiographs of dog 2 identified a diffuse homogenous moderate interstitial pulmonary pattern and increased soft tissue opacity in the perihilar region suspicious for hilar lymphadenopathy.
Johnson, LR, Hulsebosch, SE, Viall, AK, et al. Oculosystemic pneumocystosis in 2 sibling Chihuahuas. J Vet Intern Med. 2023; 1- 7. doi:10.1111/jvim.16729
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