Hyperlucent lungs should trigger this differential diagnosis...

JVIM 35(4) 193501942

May 25, 2023

  • The article is about a study on imaging findings in 14 dogs and 3 cats with lobar emphysema.

  • Lobar emphysema in dogs and cats is caused by bronchial collapse during expiration and subsequent air trapping.

  • Congenital causes such as bronchial cartilage defects or acquired causes such as compressive neoplastic lesions have been reported.

  • The objective of the study was to describe patient characteristics and imaging findings in dogs and cats with lobar emphysema.

  • The study found that lung lobe hyperinflation, atelectasis of nonaffected lung lobes, mediastinal shift, and thoracic wall and diaphragmatic wall deformation were common findings.

  • Radiography and CT are both useful.

Transverse computed tomographic image in lung window (WL −500, WW 1400) of two dogs, A,B, and a cat, C, with congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) of the right middle lung lobe. Note the collapsed right middle bronchus (black arrows) and atelectasis of the remainder of the lung lobes (*)

Dorsoventral radiograph of the thorax of a dog with congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) of the right middle lung lobe. Note the enlarged and hyperlucent lung lobe (*), expanded right side of the rib cage (black arrowheads) and compressed right diaphragmatic crus (black arrow). It was not possible to determine which lobe was emphysematous based on the radiographs alone

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