Outcome of orbital meningioma

Treatment Outcomes of Canine Orbital Meningiomas in Seven Cases

Akihiro Uno, Ryota Iwasaki ad Takashi Mori

Background
Orbital meningiomas are a rare form of meningiomas in dogs, predominantly affecting the optic nerve region. While treatment outcomes for intracranial meningiomas are well documented, data on orbital meningiomas are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of surgical and radiation therapy treatments in dogs with orbital meningiomas.

Methods
This retrospective study included seven dogs diagnosed with orbital meningiomas between 2016 and 2019. Diagnosis was confirmed via cytology or histopathology, and treatment options included surgery, radiation therapy, or a combination of both. Clinical records were reviewed for signalment, clinical presentation, imaging findings, treatment details, and survival outcomes. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to estimate median survival time (MST) and progression-free survival (PFS).

Results

-The median age of the dogs was 11 years (range: 6–14 years), with a median weight of 6.8 kg. The most common symptom was ocular protrusion (86%).

-Four dogs underwent orbital content resection, three of which also received postoperative radiation therapy. The remaining three dogs were treated with radiation therapy alone, with one later undergoing surgery due to tumor progression. All surgical resections were incomplete.

-The MST was 943 days (range: 668–1083 days), and the median PFS was 569 days (range: 262–814 days). Local tumor recurrence occurred in three dogs.

-Side effects from radiation therapy were minimal, with only one dog experiencing grade 2 conjunctivitis. No severe complications were reported.

Limitations
The small sample size and retrospective nature of the study limit its generalizability. Standardization of treatment protocols and diagnostic evaluations was not feasible, and prognostic factors could not be assessed due to limited cases.

Conclusions
The study suggests that surgery and/or radiation therapy are effective in managing orbital meningiomas in dogs, offering better prognoses compared to meningiomas in other regions such as the brain or spinal cord. Further prospective studies with larger sample sizes are needed to refine treatment approaches and identify prognostic factors.

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