What are the prostatic changes in dogs with perineal hernias?

VRU 63(5): 530-538

June 11, 2023

Study: The study is a prospective case-control study that investigates prostatic changes associated with perineal hernia (PH) in dogs using CT imaging. The study aims to determine the prostatic volume of dogs with PH and compare the results with a control group of age-matched intact male dogs. The secondary aim is to describe the morphological and spatial changes of prostates in dogs with PH.

Methods: The study included 46 male dogs with naturally occurring PH and 23 age-matched intact male dogs as a control group. CT imaging was used to assess prostatic changes in both groups. Prostatic volume was measured and correlated with the size of the dog using the length of the sixth lumbar vertebra. Morphological and spatial changes of the prostate were also recorded.

Results: The results showed that dogs with PH had significantly larger prostates than control dogs. Prostates in the PH group were more often heterogeneous, contained cysts, paraprostatic cysts, and focal mineralizations, and had abnormal rotation and location. In addition, a cranio-caudal flexure of the urethra was found in 60.9% of PH dogs.

Conclusion: The study concludes that these findings support the use of CT as an adjunct imaging modality for the evaluation of prostatic changes in PH dogs. In dogs with PH, prostatic changes on CT images significantly differed from changes in control dogs. These findings can be used to justify recommending castration in conjunction with herniorrhaphy for dogs with PH. Further studies are needed to evaluate nonprostatic CT findings in the pelvic cavity of PH dogs.

Postcontrast computed tomographic images of the caudal abdomen in sagittal views, demonstrating the cranial (black line) and caudal (white line) borders of the pelvic cavity for measuring the location of the prostate gland (P) and bladder (BL). The prostate is located (A) in the abdomen, (B) in the pelvic cavity, and (C) in the hernia. D, Flexure of the urethra (arrow). Soft tissue reconstruction (window level: 40 HU, window width: 400 HU) and a slice thickness of 0.625 mm were used

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